Classical period composed between 1750 and 1810.
“Classical” comes from the Latin word, classicus, meaning a citizen of the highest class.
Symmetry, directness, and simplicity were characteristics of the period. The music of the time reflects an impersonal, natural concept of beauty. It was written in definite patterns, with strict adherence to structure and balance.
Instrumental development was significant during the period. The clarinet came into usage after the middle of the 18th century; the trumpet gained popularity; the hunting horn found its place in music; and the piano was still a new invention.
Main piano composers in this period, Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven.
The main characteristics of Classical music:
Rhythm- different rhythms over movement
Tonality – major and minor keys, modulation
Melody- 4 bar symmetrical phrases
Texture- 4 part homophonic
Harmony- based on triads, clear sense of key and cadence points
Dynamics- dynamics important, crescendo began
Tone colour- highlights structure; orchestra based on shifting colours
Structure- soonata form, symphony, opera , solo concerto
